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In this guide, we’re going to identify some of the possible causes that can cause the frequency of phone lock errors, and then I’ll go over the possible recovery methods that you can try to fix the problem.
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g.Block error rate (BLER) is used in LTE / 4G technology to number the sync or desync indicator during FM radio monitoring (RLM). A normal BLER is likely to be 2% for a synchronized state and 10% for an unsynchronized state.
g.
The “Block Rate” or BLER error is a type of measurement related to quality in telecommunications. Simple unit calculation (can:
BLER LTE) = bad blocks / total blocks reached
The calculation is based on the CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check), which is used for the internal check of transport blocks on the recipient side. CRC must be added to each transport block when transmitted from the sender; instead of being issued, the transport block is compared by the recipient. Transport The block is safely decoded if the attached CRC coordinates the CRC calculated by the receiver.
This is a CRC method used to detect problems in transport blocks.
If the calculation fails, the receiver replies with a HARQ NACK message to request a new transmission. For typical radio communications, there is no doubt that the BLER target is 10%, which means that the receiver should receive at least 90% successful transmission. Ifvalue less than 10%, more and more retransmissions may be required, resulting in consumption of the radio provider.
What is BLER target value?
For radio communications, the typical BLER target is undoubtedly 10%, which means that the receiver must achieve at least 90% successful transmission. If each of our targets is less than 10%, a little more retransmission may be required, which could result in consumption of individual resources.
On many radiometers, we can also see two types of BLER: iBLER and / or rBLER
iBLER: heading error rate
The ratio of the data blocks to the original transmission errors that make up all the data blocks of the original transmission.
rBLER: residual error blocking factor
The ratio of data blocks with transmission errors after retransmissions of the first transmissions to all data blocks of the first transmission.
How Is Block Error Rate Measured?
How do you calculate block error rate?
When the UE uses AM RLC Loopback Type 1, the block error rate is uniquely calculated as the ratio of the number of retransmission requests from the UE to the totalblocks delivered to the UE. In the AM, the UE indicates missing protocol units (= transport blocks) in the STATUS-PDU message.
3GPP TS 34.121, F.6.1. Set the block error rate (BLER) to 1 as follows: “The block error rate is expressed as the ratio of the number of bad blocks received to the total number of blocks sent. An invalid block is actually defined as a transport block whose specific cyclic redundancy check (CRC) is also invalid. “
To measure the log bounce rate, you must be on a phone call while the test is running Radio channel. Block error rate measurements can be performed for both balanced and asymmetric RMCs. For RMCs with 12.2, 64, or 144 kbps downlink, the placement test sends a block every Microsoft 20. For RMCs with 384 kbps downlink premium, the tester sends the last block every 10 ms.
The downlink data is checked by the DL DTCH data parameter.
Symmetric RMC
For symmetric RMCs (which use transparent use mode (TM) RLC objects on this DTCH), the test case measures the error rate d ‘when sending data and job CRC in transport downlink depend on the UE type configured in loopback 2 application (UE loopback type should be set to type 2 ). Thus, the UE iterates over the data bits and crc bits from the downlink transport blocks to the current uplink transport blocks and retransmits them on the uplink. The test case then generated a CRC from the data received by the bits in the transport block uplink, and sums this computed CRC with the received CRC in the uplink transport block (this CRC is the downlink CRC for the corresponding loopback downlink transport block)). Human EU). If no CRCs are allocated, the transport block is set to acknowledge “block error”.
To implement the block error measurement rate for trained RMCs, DTCH Uplink RMC CRC Presence must be set to Used for data … This turns off the uplink CRC to really leave room for the UE to loop the downlink CRC for each street (there is an equal number of portions available in the uplink and downlink, when the user UE has an uplink CRC, it will not be able to loop back CRC downlink).
Asymmetric RMC
In the case of asymmetric RMCs (which use RLC objects in recognized mode (AM) on dtch), the test case increases the number of errorsWhen receiving a retransmission request from the UE. (The UE generates a CRC from the data bits received in that particular downlink transport block and compares this recorded CRC with the CRC that was clearly received in the downlink transport block. If the next CRCs do not match, the UE sends a new retransmission request to the test set.)
Checking UE While Running In FDD Test Mode
The upstream transport format must contain two main channels, DTCH and DCCH; however, only DTCH information is used for a general measurement of the block error rate.
name = “pgfId = 1278842″> Note that asymmetric RMCs are not available in test modeFDD.
Results Of Block Error Rate Measurements
- Integrity Indicator
- blocking report
The ratio of incorrectly received blocks to the corresponding total number of blocks sent to the UE, expressed as a percentage (%).
- Number of error blocks
- name = “BABEBFID”> Checked blocks
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The number of modules tested to determine the block error rate and block error rate results.
Note that you specify the number of obstacles to test when measuring using the Number of Blocks to Test parameter. However, with asymmetric RMCs, the actual number of units tested can be greater than the
number of units tested. In the case of asymmetric RMCs, the UE indicates to the ensemble test every 200 ms that the blocks receivedin the last period of 275 ms, were they received correctly or whether retransmissions were necessary. Based on the alignment of this 200 ms measurement instance with the TTI limit and the number of blocks sent every 400 (based on the data rate in ms), it is highly likely that the UE will receive acknowledgment / retransmission information for more blocks than there were. is requested using theNumber of blocks to testparameter. In addition, these blocks are included in the results of the checked blocks, the block error rate, and the number of block errors. - Missing uplink blocks
UE sends a TFCI to receive each uplink DTCH transport block. If active in a cell mode, an accurate test suite tracks the uplink TFCI and thus can report missing uplink blocks. For symmetric RMCs, if the TFCI indicates that no block was sent for that TTI, the test suite reports each block skipped. If there is a missing obstacle on thedownlink, no comparison of blocks with a block is made, and the number of checked blocks does not increase. The verification scheme returns the
questionable MS-to-Cell data integrity flag.Result
Missing Uplink Blocksdoes not apply to asymmetric RMCs because no data is returned upstream, only normal status reports.In the FDD test mode, the device does not check the TFCI of the upstream channel; Instead, it is assumed that a block of data is sent in each separate TTI. Thus, errors due to missing uplink blocks are included in the result of the block error counter in the FDD test mode of operation.
What is BLER in UMTS?
3GPP TS 34.121, F. 6.1. 1 defines the block error rate (BLER) as follows: “The block error rate is the ratio of the number of bad blocks received to the set of blocks sent.” A bad block has always been identified as a transport block whose cyclic redundancy check (CRC) is usually invalid. “
Tasa De Error De Bloqueo De Telefonía
Częstość Błędów Blokowania Telefonii
Taux D’erreur De Blocage De Téléphonie
Taxa De Erro De Bloqueio De Telefonia
Частота ошибок блокировки телефонии
Foutpercentage Telefonieblokkering
Fehlerrate Bei Telefonieblockierung
Telefoniblockeringsfelfrekvens
전화 차단 오류율
Tasso Di Errore Di Blocco Della Telefonia
